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55e86007a4860af150cf3a8613e49294183c6b8e
archived-lcd4linux/drv_HD44780.c
edman007 82a0af2c30 Make the dbus plugin shutdown without showing dbus leaks when compiled with -DDEBUG 
git-svn-id: https://ssl.bulix.org/svn/lcd4linux/trunk@1066 3ae390bd-cb1e-0410-b409-cd5a39f66f1f
2009-11-19 04:32:13 +00:00

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/* $Id$
* $URL$
*
* new style driver for HD44780-based displays
*
* Copyright (C) 2003 Michael Reinelt <michael@reinelt.co.at>
* Copyright (C) 2004 The LCD4Linux Team <lcd4linux-devel@users.sourceforge.net>
*
* Support for I2C bus
* Copyright (C) 2005 Luis Correia <lfcorreia@users.sf.net>
*
* Modification for 4-Bit mode
* Copyright (C) 2003 Martin Hejl (martin@hejl.de)
*
* Modification for 2nd controller support
* Copyright (C) 2003 Jesse Brook Kovach <jkovach@wam.umd.edu>
*
* This file is part of LCD4Linux.
*
* LCD4Linux is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
*
* LCD4Linux is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*
*/
/*
*
* exported fuctions:
*
* struct DRIVER drv_HD44780
*
*/
#include "config.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include "debug.h"
#include "cfg.h"
#include "udelay.h"
#include "qprintf.h"
#include "timer.h"
#include "plugin.h"
#include "widget.h"
#include "widget_text.h"
#include "widget_icon.h"
#include "widget_bar.h"
#include "widget_keypad.h"
#include "drv.h"
#include "drv_generic_text.h"
#include "drv_generic_gpio.h"
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
#include "drv_generic_parport.h"
#include "drv_generic_keypad.h"
#include "widget_keypad.h"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_I2C
#include "drv_generic_i2c.h"
#endif
static char Name[] = "HD44780";
static int Bus;
static int Model;
static int Capabilities;
/* Timings */
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static int T_CY, T_PW, T_AS, T_AH;
#endif
static int T_INIT1, T_INIT2, T_EXEC, T_WRCG, T_CLEAR, T_HOME, T_ONOFF;
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static int T_POWER, T_GPO_ST, T_GPO_PW;
#endif
static int Bits = 0;
static int numControllers = 0;
static int allControllers = 0;
static int currController = 0;
/* size of every single controller */
static int CROWS[4];
static int CCOLS[4];
static unsigned char SIGNAL_RW;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_RS;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_ENABLE;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_ENABLE2;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_ENABLE3;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_ENABLE4;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_GPO;
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static unsigned char SIGNAL_GPI;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT;
static unsigned char SIGNAL_POWER;
#endif
/* maximum time to wait for the busy-flag (in usec) */
#define MAX_BUSYFLAG_WAIT 10000
/* maximum busy flag errors before falling back to busy-waiting */
#define MAX_BUSYFLAG_ERRORS 20
/* flag for busy-waiting vs. busy flag checking */
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static int UseBusy = 0;
#endif
/* which data bits should have their logic inverted */
static int invert_data_bits = 0;
/* buffer holding the GPIO state */
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static unsigned char GPO = 0;
#endif
typedef struct {
int type;
char *name;
int capabilities;
} MODEL;
#define CAP_PARPORT (1<<0)
#define CAP_I2C (1<<1)
#define CAP_GPO (1<<2)
#define CAP_BACKLIGHT (1<<3)
#define CAP_BRIGHTNESS (1<<4)
#define CAP_BUSY4BIT (1<<5)
#define CAP_HD66712 (1<<6)
#define CAP_LCM162 (1<<7)
#define CAP_GPI (1<<8)
#define BUS_PP CAP_PARPORT
#define BUS_I2C CAP_I2C
static MODEL Models[] = {
{0x01, "generic", CAP_PARPORT | CAP_I2C | CAP_GPO | CAP_GPI | CAP_BACKLIGHT},
{0x02, "Noritake", CAP_PARPORT | CAP_I2C | CAP_GPO | CAP_BRIGHTNESS},
{0x03, "Soekris", CAP_PARPORT | CAP_BUSY4BIT},
{0x04, "HD66712", CAP_PARPORT | CAP_I2C | CAP_GPO | CAP_BACKLIGHT | CAP_HD66712},
{0x05, "LCM-162", CAP_PARPORT | CAP_LCM162},
{0xff, "Unknown", 0}
};
/****************************************/
/*** generic functions ***/
/****************************************/
static int (*drv_HD_load) (const char *section);
static void (*drv_HD_command) (const unsigned char controller, const unsigned char cmd, const unsigned long delay);
static void (*drv_HD_data) (const unsigned char controller, const char *string, const int len,
const unsigned long delay);
static void (*drv_HD_stop) (void);
/****************************************/
/*** parport dependant functions ***/
/****************************************/
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static void drv_HD_PP_busy(const int controller)
{
static unsigned int errors = 0;
unsigned char enable;
unsigned char data = 0xFF;
unsigned char busymask;
unsigned char ctrlmask;
unsigned int counter;
if (Bits == 8) {
busymask = 0x80;
} else {
/* Since in 4-Bit mode DB0 on the parport is mapped to DB4 on the LCD
* (and consequently, DB3 on the partport is mapped to DB7 on the LCD)
* we need to listen for DB3 on the parport to go low
*/
busymask = 0x08;
}
ctrlmask = 0x08;
while (ctrlmask > 0) {
if (controller & ctrlmask) {
enable = 0;
if (ctrlmask & 0x01)
enable = SIGNAL_ENABLE;
else if (ctrlmask & 0x02)
enable = SIGNAL_ENABLE2;
else if (ctrlmask & 0x04)
enable = SIGNAL_ENABLE3;
else if (ctrlmask & 0x08)
enable = SIGNAL_ENABLE4;
/* set data-lines to input */
drv_generic_parport_direction(1);
if (Bits == 8) {
/* Set RW, clear RS */
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_RW | SIGNAL_RS, SIGNAL_RW);
} else {
drv_generic_parport_data(SIGNAL_RW ^ invert_data_bits);
}
/* Address set-up time */
ndelay(T_AS);
/* rise ENABLE */
if (Bits == 8) {
drv_generic_parport_control(enable, enable);
} else {
drv_generic_parport_data((SIGNAL_RW | enable) ^ invert_data_bits);
}
counter = 0;
while (1) {
/* read the busy flag */
data = drv_generic_parport_read();
if ((data & busymask) == 0) {
errors = 0;
break;
}
/* make sure we don't wait forever
* - but only check after 5 iterations
* that way, we won't slow down normal mode
* (where we don't need the timeout anyway)
*/
counter++;
if (counter >= 5) {
struct timeval now, end;
if (counter == 5) {
/* determine the time when the timeout has expired */
gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
end.tv_usec += MAX_BUSYFLAG_WAIT;
while (end.tv_usec > 1000000) {
end.tv_usec -= 1000000;
end.tv_sec++;
}
}
/* get the current time */
gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
if (now.tv_sec == end.tv_sec ? now.tv_usec >= end.tv_usec : now.tv_sec >= end.tv_sec) {
error("%s: timeout waiting for busy flag on controller %x (0x%02x)", Name, ctrlmask, data);
if (++errors >= MAX_BUSYFLAG_ERRORS) {
error("%s: too many busy flag failures, turning off busy flag checking.", Name);
UseBusy = 0;
}
break;
}
}
}
/* RS=low, RW=low, EN=low */
if (Bits == 8) {
/* Lower EN */
drv_generic_parport_control(enable, 0);
/* Address hold time */
ndelay(T_AH);
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_RW | SIGNAL_RS, 0);
} else {
/* Lower EN */
drv_generic_parport_data(SIGNAL_RW ^ invert_data_bits);
ndelay(T_AH);
drv_generic_parport_data(0 ^ invert_data_bits);
}
/* set data-lines to output */
drv_generic_parport_direction(0);
}
ctrlmask >>= 1;
}
}
static void drv_HD_PP_nibble(const unsigned char controller, const unsigned char nibble)
{
unsigned char enable;
/* enable signal: 'controller' is a bitmask */
/* bit n .. send to controller #n */
/* so we can send a byte to more controllers at the same time! */
enable = 0;
if (controller & 0x01)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE;
if (controller & 0x02)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE2;
if (controller & 0x04)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE3;
if (controller & 0x08)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE4;
/* clear ENABLE */
/* put data on DB1..DB4 */
/* nibble already contains RS bit! */
drv_generic_parport_data(nibble ^ invert_data_bits);
/* Address set-up time */
ndelay(T_AS);
/* rise ENABLE */
drv_generic_parport_data((nibble | enable) ^ invert_data_bits);
/* Enable pulse width */
ndelay(T_PW);
/* lower ENABLE */
drv_generic_parport_data(nibble ^ invert_data_bits);
}
static void drv_HD_PP_byte(const unsigned char controller, const unsigned char data, const unsigned char RS)
{
/* send high nibble of the data */
drv_HD_PP_nibble(controller, ((data >> 4) & 0x0f) | RS);
/* Make sure we honour T_CY */
ndelay(T_CY - T_AS - T_PW);
/* send low nibble of the data */
drv_HD_PP_nibble(controller, (data & 0x0f) | RS);
}
static void drv_HD_PP_command(const unsigned char controller, const unsigned char cmd, const unsigned long delay)
{
unsigned char enable;
if (UseBusy)
drv_HD_PP_busy(controller);
if (Bits == 8) {
/* enable signal: 'controller' is a bitmask */
/* bit n .. send to controller #n */
/* so we can send a byte to more controllers at the same time! */
enable = 0;
if (controller & 0x01)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE;
if (controller & 0x02)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE2;
if (controller & 0x04)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE3;
if (controller & 0x08)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE4;
/* put data on DB1..DB8 */
drv_generic_parport_data(cmd ^ invert_data_bits);
/* clear RW and RS */
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_RW | SIGNAL_RS, 0);
/* Address set-up time */
ndelay(T_AS);
/* send command */
drv_generic_parport_toggle(enable, 1, T_PW);
} else {
drv_HD_PP_byte(controller, cmd, 0);
}
/* wait for command completion */
if (!UseBusy)
udelay(delay);
}
static void drv_HD_PP_data(const unsigned char controller, const char *string, const int len, const unsigned long delay)
{
int l = len;
unsigned char enable;
/* sanity check */
if (len <= 0)
return;
if (Bits == 8) {
/* enable signal: 'controller' is a bitmask */
/* bit n .. send to controller #n */
/* so we can send a byte to more controllers at the same time! */
enable = 0;
if (controller & 0x01)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE;
if (controller & 0x02)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE2;
if (controller & 0x04)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE3;
if (controller & 0x08)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE4;
if (!UseBusy) {
/* clear RW, set RS */
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_RW | SIGNAL_RS, SIGNAL_RS);
/* Address set-up time */
ndelay(T_AS);
}
while (l--) {
if (UseBusy) {
drv_HD_PP_busy(controller);
/* clear RW, set RS */
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_RW | SIGNAL_RS, SIGNAL_RS);
/* Address set-up time */
ndelay(T_AS);
}
/* put data on DB1..DB8 */
drv_generic_parport_data((*(string++)) ^ invert_data_bits);
/* send command */
drv_generic_parport_toggle(enable, 1, T_PW);
/* wait for command completion */
if (!UseBusy)
udelay(delay);
}
} else { /* 4 bit mode */
while (l--) {
if (UseBusy)
drv_HD_PP_busy(controller);
/* send data with RS enabled */
drv_HD_PP_byte(controller, *(string++), SIGNAL_RS);
/* wait for command completion */
if (!UseBusy)
udelay(delay);
}
}
}
static int drv_HD_PP_load(const char *section)
{
if (cfg_number(section, "Bits", 8, 4, 8, &Bits) < 0)
return -1;
if (Bits != 4 && Bits != 8) {
error("%s: bad %s.Bits '%d' from %s, should be '4' or '8'", Name, section, Bits, cfg_source());
return -1;
}
/* LCM-162 only supports 8-bit-mode */
if (Capabilities & CAP_LCM162 && Bits != 8) {
error("%s: Model '%s' does not support %d bit mode!", Name, Models[Model].name, Bits);
Bits = 8;
}
info("%s: using %d bit mode", Name, Bits);
if (drv_generic_parport_open(section, Name) != 0) {
error("%s: could not initialize parallel port!", Name);
return -1;
}
/* Soft-Wiring */
if (Capabilities & CAP_LCM162) {
/* the LCM-162 is hardwired */
if ((SIGNAL_RS = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("RS", "SLCTIN")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_RW = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("RW", "INIT")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("ENABLE", "AUTOFD")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE2 = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("ENABLE2", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE3 = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("ENABLE3", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE4 = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("ENABLE4", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("BACKLIGHT", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_GPO = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("GPO", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_POWER = drv_generic_parport_hardwire_ctrl("POWER", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
} else {
if (Bits == 8) {
if ((SIGNAL_RS = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("RS", "AUTOFD")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_RW = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("RW", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("ENABLE", "STROBE")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE2 = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("ENABLE2", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE3 = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("ENABLE3", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE4 = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("ENABLE4", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
} else {
if ((SIGNAL_RS = drv_generic_parport_wire_data("RS", "DB4")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_RW = drv_generic_parport_wire_data("RW", "DB5")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE = drv_generic_parport_wire_data("ENABLE", "DB6")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE2 = drv_generic_parport_wire_data("ENABLE2", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE3 = drv_generic_parport_wire_data("ENABLE3", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE4 = drv_generic_parport_wire_data("ENABLE4", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
}
/* backlight GPO and power are always control signals */
if ((SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("BACKLIGHT", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_GPO = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("GPO", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_GPI = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("GPI", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_POWER = drv_generic_parport_wire_ctrl("POWER", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
}
/* clear capabilities if corresponding signal is GND */
if (SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT == 0) {
Capabilities &= ~CAP_BACKLIGHT;
}
if (SIGNAL_GPO == 0) {
Capabilities &= ~CAP_GPO;
}
if (SIGNAL_GPI == 0) {
Capabilities &= ~CAP_GPI;
}
/* Timings */
/* low level communication timings [nanoseconds]
* as these values differ from spec to spec,
* we use the worst-case default values, but allow
* modification from the config file.
*/
T_CY = timing(Name, section, "CY", 1000, "ns"); /* Enable cycle time */
T_PW = timing(Name, section, "PW", 450, "ns"); /* Enable pulse width */
T_AS = timing(Name, section, "AS", 140, "ns"); /* Address setup time */
T_AH = timing(Name, section, "AH", 20, "ns"); /* Address hold time */
/* GPO timing */
if (SIGNAL_GPO != 0) {
T_GPO_ST = timing(Name, section, "GPO_ST", 20, "ns"); /* 74HCT573 set-up time */
T_GPO_PW = timing(Name, section, "GPO_PW", 230, "ns"); /* 74HCT573 enable pulse width */
} else {
T_GPO_ST = 0;
T_GPO_PW = 0;
}
/* HD44780 execution timings [microseconds]
* as these values differ from spec to spec,
* we use the worst-case default values, but allow
* modification from the config file.
*/
T_INIT1 = timing(Name, section, "INIT1", 4100, "us"); /* first init sequence: 4.1 msec */
T_INIT2 = timing(Name, section, "INIT2", 100, "us"); /* second init sequence: 100 usec */
T_EXEC = timing(Name, section, "EXEC", 80, "us"); /* normal execution time */
T_WRCG = timing(Name, section, "WRCG", 120, "us"); /* CG RAM Write */
T_CLEAR = timing(Name, section, "CLEAR", 2250, "us"); /* Clear Display */
T_HOME = timing(Name, section, "HOME", 2250, "us"); /* Return Cursor Home */
T_ONOFF = timing(Name, section, "ONOFF", 2250, "us"); /* Display On/Off Control */
/* Power-on delay */
if (SIGNAL_POWER != 0) {
T_POWER = timing(Name, section, "POWER", 500, "ms");
} else {
T_POWER = 0;
}
/* clear all signals */
if (Bits == 8) {
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_RS | SIGNAL_RW |
SIGNAL_ENABLE | SIGNAL_ENABLE2 | SIGNAL_ENABLE3 | SIGNAL_ENABLE4 |
SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT | SIGNAL_GPO | SIGNAL_POWER, 0);
} else {
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT | SIGNAL_GPO | SIGNAL_POWER, 0);
drv_generic_parport_data(0 ^ invert_data_bits);
}
/* set direction: write */
drv_generic_parport_direction(0);
/* raise power pin */
if (SIGNAL_POWER != 0) {
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_POWER, SIGNAL_POWER);
udelay(1000 * T_POWER);
}
/* initialize *all* controllers */
if (Bits == 8) {
drv_HD_PP_command(allControllers, 0x30, T_INIT1); /* 8 Bit mode, wait 4.1 ms */
drv_HD_PP_command(allControllers, 0x30, T_INIT2); /* 8 Bit mode, wait 100 us */
drv_HD_PP_command(allControllers, 0x38, T_EXEC); /* 8 Bit mode, 1/16 duty cycle, 5x8 font */
} else {
drv_HD_PP_nibble(allControllers, 0x03);
udelay(T_INIT1); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 4.1 ms */
drv_HD_PP_nibble(allControllers, 0x03);
udelay(T_INIT2); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 100 us */
drv_HD_PP_nibble(allControllers, 0x03);
udelay(T_INIT1); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 4.1 ms */
drv_HD_PP_nibble(allControllers, 0x02);
udelay(T_INIT2); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 100 us */
drv_HD_PP_command(allControllers, 0x28, T_EXEC); /* 4 Bit mode, 1/16 duty cycle, 5x8 font */
}
/* maybe use busy-flag from now on */
/* (we can't use the busy flag during the init sequence) */
cfg_number(section, "UseBusy", 0, 0, 1, &UseBusy);
/* make sure we don't use the busy flag with RW wired to GND */
if (UseBusy && !SIGNAL_RW) {
error("%s: busy-flag checking is impossible with RW wired to GND!", Name);
UseBusy = 0;
}
/* make sure the display supports busy-flag checking in 4-Bit-Mode */
/* at the moment this is inly possible with Martin Hejl's gpio driver, */
/* which allows to use 4 bits as input and 4 bits as output */
if (UseBusy && Bits == 4 && !(Capabilities & CAP_BUSY4BIT)) {
error("%s: Model '%s' does not support busy-flag checking in 4 bit mode", Name, Models[Model].name);
UseBusy = 0;
}
info("%s: %susing busy-flag checking", Name, UseBusy ? "" : "not ");
/* The LCM-162 should really use BusyFlag checking */
if (!UseBusy && (Capabilities & CAP_LCM162)) {
error("%s: Model '%s' should definitely use busy-flag checking!", Name, Models[Model].name);
}
return 0;
}
static void drv_HD_PP_stop(void)
{
/* clear all signals */
if (Bits == 8) {
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_RS |
SIGNAL_RW | SIGNAL_ENABLE | SIGNAL_ENABLE2 | SIGNAL_ENABLE3 | SIGNAL_ENABLE4 |
SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT | SIGNAL_GPO, 0);
} else {
drv_generic_parport_data(0 ^ invert_data_bits);
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT | SIGNAL_GPO | SIGNAL_POWER, 0);
}
drv_generic_parport_close();
}
#endif
#ifdef WITH_I2C
/****************************************/
/*** i2c dependant functions ***/
/****************************************/
/*
DISCLAIMER!!!!
The following code is WORK IN PROGRESS, since it basicly 'works for us...'
(C) 2005 Paul Kamphuis & Luis Correia
We have removed all of the delays from this code, as the I2C bus is slow enough...
(maximum possible speed is 100KHz only)
*/
static void drv_HD_I2C_nibble(unsigned char controller, unsigned char nibble)
{
unsigned char enable;
unsigned char command; /* this is actually the first data byte on the PCF8574 */
unsigned char data_block[2];
/* enable signal: 'controller' is a bitmask */
/* bit n .. send to controller #n */
/* so we can send a byte to more controllers at the same time! */
enable = 0;
if (controller & 0x01)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE;
if (controller & 0x02)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE2;
if (controller & 0x04)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE3;
if (controller & 0x08)
enable |= SIGNAL_ENABLE4;
/*
The new method Paul Kamphuis has concocted places the 3 needed writes to the I2C device
as a single operation, using the 'i2c_smbus_write_block_data' function.
These actual writes are performed by putting the nibble along with the 'EN' signal.
command = first byte to be written, which contains the nibble (DB0..DB3)
data [0] = second byte to be written, which contains the nibble plus the EN signal
data [1] = third byte to be written, which contains the nibble (DB0..DB3)
Then we write the block as a whole.
The main advantage we see is that we do 2 less IOCTL's from our driver.
*/
command = nibble;
data_block[0] = nibble | enable;
data_block[1] = nibble;
drv_generic_i2c_command(command, data_block, 2);
}
static void drv_HD_I2C_byte(const unsigned char controller, const unsigned char data)
{
/* send data with RS enabled */
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(controller, ((data >> 4) & 0x0f) | SIGNAL_RS);
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(controller, (data & 0x0f) | SIGNAL_RS);
}
static void drv_HD_I2C_command(const unsigned char controller, const unsigned char cmd, __attribute__ ((unused))
const unsigned long delay)
{
/* send data with RS disabled */
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(controller, ((cmd >> 4) & 0x0f));
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(controller, ((cmd) & 0x0f));
}
static void drv_HD_I2C_data(const unsigned char controller, const char *string, const int len, __attribute__ ((unused))
const unsigned long delay)
{
int l = len;
/* sanity check */
if (len <= 0)
return;
while (l--) {
drv_HD_I2C_byte(controller, *(string++));
}
}
static int drv_HD_I2C_load(const char *section)
{
if (cfg_number(section, "Bits", 8, 4, 8, &Bits) < 0)
return -1;
if (Bits != 4) {
error("%s: bad %s.Bits '%d' from %s, should be '4'", Name, section, Bits, cfg_source());
return -1;
}
info("%s: using %d bit mode", Name, Bits);
if (drv_generic_i2c_open(section, Name) != 0) {
error("%s: could not initialize i2c attached device!", Name);
return -1;
}
if ((SIGNAL_RS = drv_generic_i2c_wire("RS", "DB4")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_RW = drv_generic_i2c_wire("RW", "DB5")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE = drv_generic_i2c_wire("ENABLE", "DB6")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_ENABLE2 = drv_generic_i2c_wire("ENABLE2", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
if ((SIGNAL_GPO = drv_generic_i2c_wire("GPO", "GND")) == 0xff)
return -1;
/* initialize display */
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(allControllers, 0x03);
udelay(T_INIT1); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 4.1 ms */
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(allControllers, 0x03);
udelay(T_INIT2); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 100 us */
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(allControllers, 0x03);
udelay(T_INIT1); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 4.1 ms */
drv_HD_I2C_nibble(allControllers, 0x02);
udelay(T_INIT2); /* 4 Bit mode, wait 100 us */
drv_HD_I2C_command(allControllers, 0x28, T_EXEC); /* 4 Bit mode, 1/16 duty cycle, 5x8 font */
info("%s: I2C initialization done", Name);
return 0;
}
static void drv_HD_I2C_stop(void)
{
/* clear all signals */
drv_generic_i2c_data(0);
/* close port */
drv_generic_i2c_close();
}
/* END OF DISCLAIMER */
#endif /* WITH_I2C */
/****************************************/
/*** display dependant functions ***/
/****************************************/
static void drv_HD_clear(void)
{
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x01, T_CLEAR); /* clear *all* displays */
}
static int drv_HD_goto(int row, int col)
{
int pos, controller;
/* handle multiple controllers */
for (pos = 0, controller = 0; controller < numControllers; controller++) {
pos += CROWS[controller];
if (row < pos) {
currController = (1 << controller);
break;
}
row -= CROWS[controller];
}
/* column outside of current display's width */
if (col >= CCOLS[controller])
return -1;
if (0) {
debug("goto: [%d,%d] mask=%d, controller=%d, size:%dx%d", row, col, currController, controller,
CROWS[controller], CCOLS[controller]);
}
/* 16x1 Displays are organized as 8x2 :-( */
if (CCOLS[controller] == 16 && CROWS[controller] == 1 && col > 7) {
row++;
col -= 8;
}
if (Capabilities & CAP_HD66712) {
/* the HD66712 doesn't have a braindamadged RAM layout */
pos = row * 32 + col;
} else {
/* 16x4 Controllers use a slightly different layout */
if (CCOLS[controller] == 16 && CROWS[controller] == 4) {
pos = (row % 2) * 64 + (row / 2) * 16 + col;
} else {
pos = (row % 2) * 64 + (row / 2) * 20 + col;
}
}
drv_HD_command(currController, (0x80 | pos), T_EXEC);
/* return columns left on current display */
return CCOLS[controller] - col;
}
static void drv_HD_write(const int row, const int col, const char *data, const int len)
{
int space = drv_HD_goto(row, col);
if (space > 0) {
drv_HD_data(currController, data, len > space ? space : len, T_EXEC);
}
}
static void drv_HD_defchar(const int ascii, const unsigned char *matrix)
{
int i;
char buffer[8];
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
buffer[i] = matrix[i] & 0x1f;
}
/* define chars on *all* controllers! */
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x40 | 8 * ascii, T_EXEC);
drv_HD_data(allControllers, buffer, 8, T_WRCG);
}
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static int drv_HD_backlight(int backlight)
{
if (!(Capabilities & CAP_BACKLIGHT))
return -1;
if (backlight < 0)
backlight = 0;
if (backlight > 1)
backlight = 1;
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT, backlight ? SIGNAL_BACKLIGHT : 0);
return backlight;
}
#endif
static int drv_HD_brightness(int brightness)
{
char cmd;
if (!(Capabilities & CAP_BRIGHTNESS))
return -1;
if (brightness < 0)
brightness = 0;
if (brightness > 3)
brightness = 3;
cmd = '0' + brightness;
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x38, T_EXEC); /* enable function */
drv_HD_data(allControllers, &cmd, 1, T_WRCG); /* set brightness */
return brightness;
}
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static int drv_HD_GPO(const int num, const int val)
{
int v;
if (val > 0) {
/* set bit */
v = 1;
GPO |= 1 << num;
} else {
/* clear bit */
v = 0;
GPO &= ~(1 << num);
}
/* put data on DB1..DB8 */
drv_generic_parport_data(GPO ^ invert_data_bits);
/* 74HCT573 set-up time */
ndelay(T_GPO_ST);
/* send data */
/* 74HCT573 enable pulse width */
drv_generic_parport_toggle(SIGNAL_GPO, 1, T_GPO_PW);
return v;
}
static int drv_HD_GPI(const int num)
{
int v;
/* switch to read mode */
drv_generic_parport_direction(1);
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_GPI, SIGNAL_GPI);
/* 74HCT573 set-up time + enable pulse width */
ndelay(T_GPO_ST + T_GPO_PW);
/* read data from DB1..DB8 */
v = drv_generic_parport_read() ^ invert_data_bits;
/* switch back to write mode */
drv_generic_parport_control(SIGNAL_GPI, 0);
drv_generic_parport_direction(0);
return (v >> num) & 1;
}
#endif
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static int drv_HD_LCM162_keypad_handler(const int num)
{
return num;
}
static void drv_HD_LCM162_timer(void __attribute__ ((unused)) * notused)
{
static unsigned char data = 0x00;
/* Bit 3+5 : key number */
/* Bit 6 : key press/release */
unsigned char mask3 = 1 << 3;
unsigned char mask5 = 1 << 5;
unsigned char mask6 = 1 << 6;
unsigned char mask = mask3 | mask5 | mask6;
int keynum;
int updown;
unsigned char temp;
temp = drv_generic_parport_status() & mask;
if (data != temp) {
data = temp;
int KEYPAD_VAL = 0;
keynum = (data & mask3 ? 1 : 0) + (data & mask5 ? 2 : 0);
switch (keynum) {
default:
case 0:
KEYPAD_VAL = WIDGET_KEY_CANCEL;
break;
case 1:
KEYPAD_VAL = WIDGET_KEY_UP;
break;
case 2:
KEYPAD_VAL = WIDGET_KEY_CONFIRM;
break;
case 3:
KEYPAD_VAL = WIDGET_KEY_DOWN;
break;
}
updown = (data & mask6 ? 1 : 0);
KEYPAD_VAL += updown ? WIDGET_KEY_PRESSED : WIDGET_KEY_RELEASED;
drv_generic_keypad_press(KEYPAD_VAL);
debug("key %d press %d", keynum, updown);
}
}
#endif
static int drv_HD_start(const char *section, const int quiet)
{
char *model, *size, *bus;
int rows = -1, cols = -1, gpos = -1, gpis = -1, i;
int size_defined = 0;
int size_missing = 0;
model = cfg_get(section, "Model", "generic");
if (model != NULL && *model != '\0') {
int i;
for (i = 0; Models[i].type != 0xff; i++) {
if (strcasecmp(Models[i].name, model) == 0)
break;
}
if (Models[i].type == 0xff) {
error("%s: %s.Model '%s' is unknown from %s", Name, section, model, cfg_source());
return -1;
}
Model = i;
Capabilities = Models[Model].capabilities;
info("%s: using model '%s'", Name, Models[Model].name);
} else {
error("%s: empty '%s.Model' entry from %s", Name, section, cfg_source());
free(model);
return -1;
}
free(model);
bus = cfg_get(section, "Bus", "parport");
if (bus == NULL && *bus == '\0') {
error("%s: empty '%s.Bus' entry from %s", Name, section, cfg_source());
free(bus);
return -1;
}
if (strcasecmp(bus, "parport") == 0) {
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
info("%s: using parallel port", Name);
Bus = BUS_PP;
drv_HD_load = drv_HD_PP_load;
drv_HD_command = drv_HD_PP_command;
drv_HD_data = drv_HD_PP_data;
drv_HD_stop = drv_HD_PP_stop;
#else
error("%s: %s.Bus '%s' from %s not available:", Name, section, bus, cfg_source());
error("%s: lcd4linux was compiled without parport support!", Name);
free(bus);
return -1;
#endif
} else if (strcasecmp(bus, "i2c") == 0) {
#ifdef WITH_I2C
info("%s: using I2C bus", Name);
Bus = BUS_I2C;
drv_HD_load = drv_HD_I2C_load;
drv_HD_command = drv_HD_I2C_command;
drv_HD_data = drv_HD_I2C_data;
drv_HD_stop = drv_HD_I2C_stop;
#else
error("%s: %s.Bus '%s' from %s not available:", Name, section, bus, cfg_source());
error("%s: lcd4linux was compiled without i2c support!", Name);
free(bus);
return -1;
#endif
} else {
error("%s: bad %s.Bus '%s' from %s, should be 'parport' or 'i2c'", Name, section, bus, cfg_source());
free(bus);
return -1;
}
/* sanity check: Model can use bus */
if (!(Capabilities & Bus)) {
error("%s: Model '%s' cannot be used on the %s bus!", Name, Models[Model].name, bus);
free(bus);
return -1;
}
free(bus);
if (cfg_number(section, "Controllers", 1, 1, 4, (int *) &numControllers) < 0)
return -1;
info("%s: using %d Controller(s)", Name, numControllers);
/* current Controller */
currController = 1;
/* Bitmask for *all* Controllers */
allControllers = (1 << numControllers) - 1;
DCOLS = 0;
DROWS = 0;
for (i = 0; i < numControllers; i++) {
char key[6];
qprintf(key, sizeof(key), "Size%d", i + 1);
size = cfg_get(section, key, NULL);
if (size == NULL || *size == '\0') {
size_missing++;
free(size);
continue;
}
if (sscanf(size, "%dx%d", &cols, &rows) != 2 || rows < 1 || cols < 1) {
error("%s: bad %s.%s '%s' from %s", Name, section, key, size, cfg_source());
free(size);
return -1;
}
free(size);
CCOLS[i] = cols;
CROWS[i] = rows;
size_defined++;
info("%s: Controller %d: %dx%d", Name, i + 1, cols, rows);
/* grow the size */
if (cols > DCOLS)
DCOLS = cols;
DROWS += rows;
}
if (size_defined && size_missing) {
error("%s: bad %s.Size* definition in %s:", Name, section, cfg_source());
error("%s: either you specify the size for *all* controllers or for none.", Name);
return -1;
}
size = cfg_get(section, "Size", NULL);
if (size != NULL && *size != '\0') {
if (sscanf(size, "%dx%d", &cols, &rows) != 2 || rows < 1 || cols < 1) {
error("%s: bad %s.Size '%s' from %s", Name, section, size, cfg_source());
free(size);
return -1;
}
if (DCOLS == 0 && DROWS == 0) {
for (i = 0; i < numControllers; i++) {
CCOLS[i] = cols;
CROWS[i] = rows / numControllers;
DCOLS = CCOLS[i];
DROWS += CROWS[i];
}
}
if (rows != DROWS || cols != DCOLS) {
error("%s: bad %s.Size definition in %s:", Name, section, cfg_source());
error("%s: Size %dx%d should be %dx%d", Name, cols, rows, DCOLS, DROWS);
return -1;
}
}
free(size);
if (cfg_number(section, "GPOs", 0, 0, 8, &gpos) < 0)
return -1;
if (gpos > 0 && !(Capabilities & CAP_GPO)) {
error("%s: Model '%s' does not support GPO's!", Name, Models[Model].name);
gpos = 0;
}
GPOS = gpos;
if (GPOS > 0) {
info("%s: using %d GPO's", Name, GPOS);
}
if (cfg_number(section, "GPIs", 0, 0, 8, &gpis) < 0)
return -1;
if (gpis > 0 && !(Capabilities & CAP_GPI)) {
error("%s: Model '%s' does not support GPI's!", Name, Models[Model].name);
gpis = 0;
}
GPIS = gpis;
if (GPIS > 0) {
info("%s: using %d GPI's", Name, GPIS);
}
if (cfg_number(section, "InvertDataBits", 0, 0, 256, &invert_data_bits) < 0)
return -1;
if (invert_data_bits) {
info("%s: inverting data bits (mask %02X)", Name, invert_data_bits);
}
if (drv_HD_load(section) < 0) {
error("%s: start display failed!", Name);
return -1;
}
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x08, T_EXEC); /* Controller off, cursor off, blink off */
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x0c, T_ONOFF); /* Display on, cursor off, blink off, wait 1.64 ms */
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x06, T_EXEC); /* curser moves to right, no shift */
if ((Capabilities & CAP_HD66712) && DROWS > 2) {
drv_HD_command(allControllers, Bits == 8 ? 0x3c : 0x2c, T_EXEC); /* set extended register enable bit */
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x09, T_EXEC); /* set 4-line mode */
drv_HD_command(allControllers, Bits == 8 ? 0x38 : 0x28, T_EXEC); /* clear extended register enable bit */
}
drv_HD_clear(); /* clear *all* displays */
drv_HD_command(allControllers, 0x03, T_HOME); /* return home */
/* maybe set backlight */
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
if (Capabilities & CAP_BACKLIGHT) {
int backlight;
if (cfg_number(section, "Backlight", 0, 0, 1, &backlight) > 0) {
info("%s: backlight %s", Name, backlight ? "enabled" : "disabled");
drv_HD_backlight(backlight);
}
}
#endif
/* maybe set brightness */
if (Capabilities & CAP_BRIGHTNESS) {
int brightness;
if (cfg_number(section, "Brightness", 0, 0, 3, &brightness) > 0) {
info("%s: brightness level %d", Name, brightness);
drv_HD_brightness(brightness);
}
}
/* install keypad polling timer for LCM-162 */
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
if (Capabilities & CAP_LCM162) {
timer_add(drv_HD_LCM162_timer, NULL, 10, 0);
drv_generic_keypad_real_press = drv_HD_LCM162_keypad_handler;
}
#endif
if (!quiet) {
char buffer[40];
qprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%s %dx%d", Name, DCOLS, DROWS);
if (drv_generic_text_greet(buffer, NULL)) {
sleep(3);
drv_HD_clear();
}
}
return 0;
}
/****************************************/
/*** plugins ***/
/****************************************/
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
static void plugin_backlight(RESULT * result, RESULT * arg1)
{
double backlight;
backlight = drv_HD_backlight(R2N(arg1));
SetResult(&result, R_NUMBER, &backlight);
}
#endif
static void plugin_brightness(RESULT * result, RESULT * arg1)
{
double brightness;
brightness = drv_HD_brightness(R2N(arg1));
SetResult(&result, R_NUMBER, &brightness);
}
/****************************************/
/*** widget callbacks ***/
/****************************************/
/* using drv_generic_text_draw(W) */
/* using drv_generic_text_icon_draw(W) */
/* using drv_generic_text_bar_draw(W) */
/* using drv_generic_gpio_draw(W) */
/****************************************/
/*** exported functions ***/
/****************************************/
/* list models */
int drv_HD_list(void)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; Models[i].type != 0xff; i++) {
printf("%s ", Models[i].name);
}
return 0;
}
/* initialize driver & display */
int drv_HD_init(const char *section, const int quiet)
{
WIDGET_CLASS wc;
int asc255bug;
int ret;
info("%s: %s", Name, "$Rev$");
/* display preferences */
XRES = 5; /* pixel width of one char */
YRES = 8; /* pixel height of one char */
CHARS = 8; /* number of user-defineable characters */
CHAR0 = 0; /* ASCII of first user-defineable char */
GOTO_COST = 1; /* number of bytes a goto command requires */
/* real worker functions */
drv_generic_text_real_write = drv_HD_write;
drv_generic_text_real_defchar = drv_HD_defchar;
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
drv_generic_gpio_real_set = drv_HD_GPO;
drv_generic_gpio_real_get = drv_HD_GPI;
#endif
/* start display */
if ((ret = drv_HD_start(section, quiet)) != 0)
return ret;
/* initialize generic text driver */
if ((ret = drv_generic_text_init(section, Name)) != 0)
return ret;
/* initialize generic icon driver */
if ((ret = drv_generic_text_icon_init()) != 0)
return ret;
/* initialize generic bar driver */
if ((ret = drv_generic_text_bar_init(0)) != 0)
return ret;
/* add fixed chars to the bar driver */
/* most displays have a full block on ascii 255, but some have kind of */
/* an 'inverted P'. If you specify 'asc255bug 1 in the config, this */
/* char will not be used, but rendered by the bar driver */
cfg_number(section, "asc255bug", 0, 0, 1, &asc255bug);
drv_generic_text_bar_add_segment(0, 0, 255, 32); /* ASCII 32 = blank */
if (!asc255bug)
drv_generic_text_bar_add_segment(255, 255, 255, 255); /* ASCII 255 = block */
/* initialize generic GPIO driver */
if ((ret = drv_generic_gpio_init(section, Name)) != 0)
return ret;
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
if ((ret = drv_generic_keypad_init(section, Name)) != 0)
return ret;
#endif
/* register text widget */
wc = Widget_Text;
wc.draw = drv_generic_text_draw;
widget_register(&wc);
/* register icon widget */
wc = Widget_Icon;
wc.draw = drv_generic_text_icon_draw;
widget_register(&wc);
/* register bar widget */
wc = Widget_Bar;
wc.draw = drv_generic_text_bar_draw;
widget_register(&wc);
/* register plugins */
#ifdef WITH_PARPORT
if (Capabilities & CAP_BACKLIGHT) {
AddFunction("LCD::backlight", 1, plugin_backlight);
}
#endif
if (Capabilities & CAP_BRIGHTNESS) {
AddFunction("LCD::brightness", 1, plugin_brightness);
}
return 0;
}
/* close driver & display */
int drv_HD_quit(const int quiet)
{
info("%s: shutting down display.", Name);
drv_generic_text_quit();
drv_generic_gpio_quit();
/* clear display */
drv_HD_clear();
/* say goodbye... */
if (!quiet) {
drv_generic_text_greet("goodbye!", NULL);
}
drv_HD_stop();
return (0);
}
DRIVER drv_HD44780 = {
.name = Name,
.list = drv_HD_list,
.init = drv_HD_init,
.quit = drv_HD_quit,
};
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